Welcome to Ancient Rome

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• Middelbare school
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• Leerjaar 1

Welcome to Ancient Rome

Test Romans:

Thursday -> 7 December 2023

LessonUps are the most important!

The Roman empire
(Imperium Romanum)

The Roman empire at its biggest.

Kingdom

Republic

Empire

753 

BC

509 

BC

27 

BC

476 

AD

146 

BC

146 BC

<div>The Romans conquer Greece. This is the official end of the Greeks.</div>

Kingdom

<div></div><div>Rome was founded as city-state with a <b>monarchy </b>as form of government. They had a king.</div><div>They deposed the last king in 509 BC. Sadly, we know less about this period of the Roman empire.</div>

Republic

<div>They no longer wanted the power to lie with one person -&gt; <b>republic</b>. Controlling themselves. The power is devided into multiple positions.</div>

Empire

<div></div><div>They had a <b>emperor </b>as their leader.&nbsp;</div><div>The first emperor was Octavian -&gt; emperor Augustus.</div>

The Roman empire

The end of the Greeks

• After the Peloponnesian war, the Polis system came to a fall.
• Soon Alexander the Great invaded the Greek city-states.
• 146 BC: Greek city-states were under Roman leadership. 
• The Greeks became the Romans.
• The Romans admired the Greek culture.
• They copied most of the gods (different names), art, etc.

<ul><li>Na de Peloponnesische oorlog kwam het Polis systeem tot val.</li><li>Al snel werden de Griekse stadstaten ingenomen door Alexander de Grote.</li><li>146 v. Chr.: Griekse stadstaten waren onder Romeins bewind.</li><li>De Grieken werden eigenlijk de Romeinen.</li><li>Romeinen waarderden de Griekse cultuur.</li><li>Ze kopiërden het grootste deel van de cultuur: Goden, kunst, etc.</li></ul>

Romulus and Remus

'Creator(s)' of Rome.

<a href="https://historiek.net/romulus-en-remus-stichting-rome/108009/">Link </a>naar het verhaal van Romulus en Remus.
<div><a href="https://schooltv.nl/video/romulus-en-remus-het-ontstaan-van-rome/">Link </a>naar een korte video over Romulus en Remus.</div>

Roman Kingdom

• Myth: Romulus and Remus.
  
• Romulus kills Remus -> became Rome's first king.
  
• In total 7 Roman kings.
  
• Not a lot known about this period. 

Superbus

7th and last king of the Roman kingdom.<div>He was a horrible solo ruler and he acted like a tyrant.</div><div>The people had a horrible time under his rule.</div><div>Not only 'normal' people, even the rich (nobility) had a bad time.</div>

• During king Tarquin Superbus, terror and oppression.
  
• People were not happy and lived in terrible circumstances.

<ul><li>Na de Peloponnesische oorlog kwam het Polis systeem tot val.</li><li>Al snel werden de Griekse stadstaten ingenomen door Alexander de Grote.</li><li>146 v. Chr.: Griekse stadstaten waren onder Romeins bewind.</li><li>De Grieken werden eigenlijk de Romeinen.</li><li>Romeinen waarderden de Griekse cultuur.</li><li>Ze kopiërden het grootste deel van de cultuur: Goden, kunst, etc.</li></ul>

From kingdom to Republic

• Superbus had to deal with a lot of revolt.
• His cousin, Lucius Brutus, spoke in 509 v. Chr. to the people.
• -> everyone revolted.
• Superbus = not super, they depose him, and they never want a king again.
• They were doing it themselves -> Republic.

<ul><li>Superbus kreeg te maken met meer verzet van het volk.
</li><li>Zijn neef, Lucius Brutus, sprak in 509 v. Chr. het volk toe
</li><li>-&gt; Iedereen kwam in opstand.
</li><li>Superbus = niet super, ze zetten hem af en willen nooit meer een koning.
</li><li>Ze gingen het zelf doen -&gt; Republiek.</li></ul>

Government of the republic

• Consul: commander in chief of the army. They chose 2 Consuls. They could be Consul for 1 year.
  
• Senate: most powerful. Day-to-day management.
• Assembly: discussion between citizens. They also chose the Consuls.

<a href="http://deromeinserepubliek.weebly.com/het-bestuur-van-rome.html">Link </a>naar artikel over het bestuur tijdens de republiek.

<ul><li>Consul: opperbevelhebber van leger. Er werden twee consuls aangewezen. Voor 1 jaar, dan anderen.
</li><li>Senaat: meeste macht. Voor het dagelijks bestuur.
</li><li>Volksvergadering: overleg tussen burgers.</li></ul>

Get to work!

Today:

Last lesson to finish your Polis assignment.

Deadline: this Friday, via Magister (see ELO -> assignments).

What is the definition of Republic?