structure of skin 106 session 2

• newEditor
• Beauty therapy
• Further Education (Key Stage 5)

Unit 106
Basic make-up
application

​

To complete unit 106
Basic make-up

2

Today we will cover

• Recap structure of the skin

• Recap functions of the skin

• Bones of the face

The Structure of the Skin

The 3 layers of the skin are:

Epidermis

Dermis

Subcutaneous layer

The Epidermis

The epidermis is the outer layer of skin (the part we touch)

It does not have a blood supply

Your epidermis is replaced every 28-30 days

About 90% of house dust is made up of the epidermis which you have shed!!!!!!!!!

The main function of the epidermis is:

• Protect the body from harmful substances

• Provide a waterproof coating

• Produce melanin which helps protect skin from the suns rays

The Epidermis

The epidermis is made up of 5 layers. Those of you progressing to beauty will need to know these layers, both common and Latin names!!!!!!!

• Stratum corneum (horny layer)

• Stratum Lucidum (Clear layer)

• Stratum Granulosum (granular layer)

• Stratum Spinosum (prickle cell layer)

• Stratum Germinativum (basal layer)

The Dermis

The dermis is below the epidermis

It provides strength and elasticity to the skin.

It contains lots of structures including:

• Nerves

• Sweat glands

• Hair follicles

• Sebaceous glands

Cross section of the skin

SEBACEOUS GLANDS

Sebaceous glands produce the natural oil called sebum which protects and conditions the hair. The average hair follicle contains up to 3 glands. Overactive sebaceous glands, more than 3, can cause excessively oily hair.

SWEAT GLANDS

Sweat glands travel from the subcutaneous layer, through the dermis and up to the epidermis. They contain water which is released as perspiration through sweat pores to cool us down when we are hot.

Cross section of the skin

ARRECTOR PILI MUSCLE

This muscle is attached to the hair follicle and the epidermis. If we are cold or scared the muscle contracts and causes the hair to lift. This traps a layer of warm air between the hairs and protects from the cold.

HAIR

The hair you can see on your body (arms, legs, scalp etc..)

The Subcutaneous layer

The subcutaneous layer is a fatty layer attached to the dermis.

Its function is to keep us warm and to provide nutrients via the blood supply.

Functions of the skin

Functions of the skin

The skin has 7 main functions

These can be remembered by using the acronym SHAPES.

S.H.A.P.E.S

Sensation- The skin helps us to identify heat, touch and pain

Heat regulation- The skin controls the body’s temperature

Absorption- The skin absorbs UV rays from the sun and turns them into vitamin D

Protection- The skin protects the rest of the body from all the weather elements. It is also the first line of defence against bacteria, viruses and foreign bodies

Excretion- Toxins and waste are excreted through the sweat glands which are found in the skin

Secretion- Sweat and sebum are secreted onto the skin.

Todays tasks

TABLE 1:

• Colour in and label the skull diagram.

TABLE 2:

• Make a 3D skull.

TABLE 3:

• Put together as many quiz questions as you can.

Table 1

18

Use the text book and the internet to research the names of the bones of the face. You should colour in and label your skull diagram.

Table 2

19

Follow the instructions on the paper to create a 3D

Skull.

We will use this later in today’s session.

Table 3

20

As a group, make as many questions (and answers!!) based on what you have learnt so far in hair and beauty.

These can be based on things you have learnt in theory or practical sessions.

You will quiz each other later.

The more questions you have, the better chance you have of winning!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

21

• You have 10 minutes for each task

• 10 MINUTE TIMER

Lets Gooooo...........................

QUIZ TIME!!!

1. Each team takes it in turn to ask a question

2. The team asking the question must nominate someone answer from the opposing team. They CANNOT ask other team members for help

3. If they get the question right, they score 2 points. They can then not be selected until all other members of the group have answered a question.

4. If the answer is wrong, the other team can steal, but only scores 1 point. The team stealing CAN work together to get the answer

5. If no team gets the correct answer, the team who asked the question gets 2 points