Extract analysis

Goals today: 10th Jan 
Complete the approach to annotation we started before the holiday 
Construct a plan for a 4 paragraph analysis essay 
Practise writing an introduction 
A different approach to annotation 
Construct a thesis statement 


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Slide 1: Tekstslide
EngelsMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 5

In deze les zitten 36 slides, met interactieve quizzen en tekstslides.

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Goals today: 10th Jan 
Complete the approach to annotation we started before the holiday 
Construct a plan for a 4 paragraph analysis essay 
Practise writing an introduction 
A different approach to annotation 
Construct a thesis statement 


Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Approaching close reading
1. Getting Started: Treat the passage as if it were complete in itself. Read it a few times, at least once aloud. Concentrate on all its details and assume that everything is significant. Determine what the passage is about and try to paraphrase it. Make sure that you begin with a general sense of the passage’s meaning.
What is this passage about? Paraphrase it in one sentence.

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Approaching close reading
2.  Write directly on the passage!
-Write at least two questions in the margins as you re-read.
 - Write at least two opinions in the margins: you might write your opinion of a character, an idea, the writing style, etc.

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Approaching close reading
3. Word meaning: Determine the meanings of words and references. Also, note (and verify) interesting connotations of words. Look up two words you do not know or which are used in unfamiliar ways. Make your notes on your extract. 
4. Consider the diction (word choice) of the passage. What mood does it evoke? Describe the mood and pick out words that support your opinion. 
Use your thesaurus to expand your vocabulary. Make your notes on your extract 

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Approaching close reading
5. Imagery: What sort of imagery is evoked? (What images can you see in your head?)
How do the images relate to those in the rest of the text? Are they similar or different and how? What happens to the imagery over the course of the passage? Which senses are appealed to? 
What literary techniques are used and to what effect? 



Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Approaching close reading
6. Construct a Thesis: Based on all of this information and observation, construct a thesis that ties the details together. Determine how the passage illuminates the concerns, themes, and issues of the entire text it is a part of. Ask yourself how the passage provides insight into the text. Try to determine how the passage provides us with a key to understanding the character of Gatsby and the work as a whole.




Slide 6 - Tekstslide

Thesis statement 
Topic + opinion + plan of focus 

Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Your thesis statement is ...

Slide 8 - Open vraag

The rules 
Italics/underlined 

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

to argue
to explain 
to evaluate 
to instruct 
to inform 
to analyse 
 to explain
to entertain
to describe
 to recount
to persuade 

Slide 10 - Tekstslide

Thesis statement 
F. Scott Fitzgerald uses the closing paragraphs in his novel The Great Gatsby to highlight the corruption of the American Dream and to illustrate that the past will always influence the future and cannot be disregarded or ignored. The author successfully does this through the use of symbolism and vivid imagery. 

Slide 11 - Tekstslide

MPO
Complete your MPO for your two body paragraphs. 
Do not fill out the introduction or concluding statement. 

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

General statement 
Specific statement(s)
Thesis statement
Thesis statement 
Specific statement(s)
General statement
INTRODUCTION
CONCLUSION

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

INTRODUCTION includes these
A general statement that works as a hook 
The title of the novel is stated 
The author  is named 
The text type is clearly identified (novel)
Date and place of publication is stated (1926 USA)
The plot of the novel is briefly stated - in one or two sentences
where the extract appears in the novel is stated 
The content of the extract is paraphrased: (briefly)
The thesis: what you find most important about the text (without elaboration) (main idea/main theme)& plan of development is stated (what techniques you will focus on) 

Slide 14 - Tekstslide

Example introduction 
However much we focus with endless hope upon the future, we find ourselves "ceaselessly" "borne back""into the past". The novel, The Great Gatsby,  written by F.Scott Fitzgerald and published in 1926 outlines the story of a poor man, Jay Gatz, who 
However much we focus with eternal hope upon the future, we find ourselves "ceaselessly" "borne back” “into the past". The novel, The Great Gatsby, written by F.Scott Fitzgerald and published in 1926 in America, outlines the story of a poor man in America, Jay Gatz, who is obsessively focused on rekindling the relationship with the love of his life: Daisy. He hopes that, through the acquisition of wealth, he will persuade her to leave her husband and confirm that she has only ever loved Gatsby. This extract contains the last paragraphs at the end of the novel in chapter nine. In this extract, the narrator, Nick Carraway, considers the impact of the infatuation that Gatsby has for Daisy and how he was deluded into thinking that obtaining her would result in the attainment of the American Dream. Accordingly, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses the closing paragraphs in his novel The Great Gatsby to highlight the corruption of the American Dream and to illustrate that the past will always influence the future and cannot be disregarded or ignored. The author successfully does this through the use of vivid imagery and employing a recurring motif.

Slide 15 - Tekstslide

Moving to the conclusion - concluding transitions 
Thus, ...
Accordingly,...
Consequently, ...
In consideration of,... 
Hence, Fitzgerald argues that, ...
Ultimately, Fitzgerald states the main claim that ...
considering the above, ... 



Slide 16 - Tekstslide

1. concluding transition phrase.
2. Refocus back to the thesis statement and use the language of the guiding question. Use synonyms.
3. Synthesize what you have written, but do not summarise. By showing ..., the author highlights ...
4. Final transition to opinion ultimately/finally/fundamentally... 
5. End strong with your opinion on the topic (failure of the American Dream/past controlling future), but do not use the word 'I'. 

Slide 17 - Tekstslide

Conclusion 
A literary essay should analyze and evaluate a work of literature or an aspect of a work of literature. A strong conclusion will rephrase the thesis statement and broaden the scope of the essay in four to six sentences. You should also have an effective last sentence in the essay so you can wrap it up on a high note.

Slide 18 - Tekstslide

Rephrase your thesis statement
Rephrase your thesis statement. Avoid repeating your thesis statement as it appears in your introduction. Change the language and word choice in the original thesis statement so that it reflects the analysis that you have shown in your literary essay.
Another option is to revise your thesis statement to be more clear, making  edits to it. Go back to your introduction and read your thesis statement again. Then, keep your thesis statement in mind as you read over your body paragraphs. Consider whether your thesis statement still feels relevant to your essay, or if it could be revised. 

Slide 19 - Tekstslide

Rephrase but do not repeat
Start with your revised/ rephrased thesis statement. The middle section of your conclusion should be three to five sentences long. It should broaden the scope of your essay. 
  • Important themes or ideas 
  • summarize your most important findings 
  • No new information in your conclusion 

Slide 20 - Tekstslide

Answer the question 'so what?'
Think about why someone would care about what you are addressing in your essay and why the focus of your essay is important. Answering the question “so what?” can help you generate interesting things to finish your essay within the conclusion. Possible final sentences: 
  • Finish with a powerful image or detail from the text
  • End with a simple sentence straightforward sentence
  • Set your findings in a larger context


Slide 21 - Tekstslide

Extract topics 
Write next to each section of text the percentage to which you understand that section. Write a number out of 10. 
Look at your percentage of understanding. Where is your understanding more limited? 
Write down key words/ideas/ topics that you find in each section of the text. 

Slide 22 - Tekstslide

1
Cruel, aggressive, arrogant 
2
Contempt. A need to be liked
3
Wish to impress Nick. Relationship, world view 
4
Communication 
5
Boasting 
6
Ownership. Property. Materialism 
7
Boasting, status, connections 

Slide 23 - Tekstslide

Goals today: 12th Jan 
Get support on how to construct your body paragraphs 
Discover the 'powerful sentence' 
Write your two  body paragraphs 
Share your work 
Write your conclusion 

Slide 24 - Tekstslide

Don’t write about the text. 

Instead, write about how the author uses the text to communicate a message to the reader.

Slide 25 - Tekstslide

Thesis statement 
1. Carefully read the Guiding Question and determine the focus and key words that must be implemented in the thesis statement.  The key words will typically be the literary or linguistic element from the Guiding Question.
2. Look for the “insightful ideas” from your (left margin) annotations while also considering the key words of the Guiding Question.
3. Flip the Guiding Question into a thesis statement. 
4. Use evaluative language in your thesis statement. 

Slide 26 - Tekstslide

Evaluative language. Adjectives/adverbs indicating evaluation 
effective(ly)
Intentional(ly)
clever(ly)
Clear(ly)
Powerful(ly)
conscious(ly)
Wise(ly)
successful(ly)
Subtle(ly)
skillful(ly)
Surreptitious(ly) 
dramatical(ly) 

Slide 27 - Tekstslide

Share your thesis statement

Slide 28 - Open vraag

Example 
Through the skillful use of imagery and the intentional use of dialogue, Fitzgerald viscerally establishes the characterisation of Tom and highlights his relationship with Nick in order to establish conflict early in the novel. 

Slide 29 - Tekstslide

INTRODUCTION includes these
A general statement that works as a hook 
The title of the novel is stated
The author  is given
The text type is clearly identified (novel)
Date and place of publication is stated
The plot is briefly stated - in one or two sentences
where the extract appears in the novel is stated 
The content is paraphrased: what does the extract actually say (briefly)
The thesis: what you find most important about the text (without elaboration) (main idea/main theme)& plan of development is stated (what techniques you will focus on) 
Write your introduction for this extract. Include all of the required elements. 

Slide 30 - Tekstslide

The body paragraph 
Look at the ideas you have generated and the stylistic features that you have identified. 
Fill out your MPO for your two body paragraphs.
Create for each body paragraph a topic sentence that reflects your thesis statement. 
Note the three quotes, stylistic feature and the relationship author/audience (effect on the reader) 

Slide 31 - Tekstslide

Your body paragraph contains 
An insightful idea
Key language from your guiding question
textual references/ quotes
stylistic features
the author/audience relationship (effect on the reader)
transition words
evaluative language 
All these features appear several times and not in a specific order. For example; the words "Fitzgerald/the author" and "the audience" highlight that you are going to discuss the author/audience relationship. 

Slide 32 - Tekstslide

Integrating textual reference & author/audience relationship  
1. As the passage begins, (author) employs [technique] ...
2. In line ___, (author) uses [technique]...
3. To further emphasize ___, (author) utilizes [technique]...
4. To heighten___, (author) uses [technique]...
5. Even more..., (author) chooses [technique]...
6. Through [technique], the author...
7. Accordingly, the audience understands that...
8. As a result, the audience concludes that...
9. Consequently, the audience realizes that...
10. As a consequence, the audience perceives that... 

Slide 33 - Tekstslide

Discussing the implications 
1. This phrase implies that...
2. Although not explicitly stated, the reader can imply that...
3. The author suggests that...
4. While not stated explicitly, the author hints that...
5. The implications are clear: ( ...) .
6. The reader can deduce that...
7. Readers can infer that...
8. Readers can conclude that...
9. The audience can reason that...
10 While not overtly stated, the reader can infer that...

Slide 34 - Tekstslide

Write your two body paragraphs 
Link your ideas within and between your body paragraphs.

Then link to your conclusion using a transitional phrase and  complete your conclusion 

Slide 35 - Tekstslide

The powerful sentence 
Author
Verb 
Technique 
Purpose 
Idea 
F. Scott Fitzgerald 
Introduces 
tactile imagery
to illustrate 
the physical, aggressive presence of Tom. 
Fitzgerald 
uses
dialogue
to create 
a feeling of tension between Tom and Nick. 
The author 
inserts 
Tom's internal monlogue 
to establish 
the character's world view and his insecurities.
The author 
develops 
to reflect
Fitzgerald 
creates 
to convey 

Slide 36 - Tekstslide