havo 4 unit 3

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

Unit 3: going places

form pairs.

Describe the two pictures, compare them and answer the question.

You do not have time to think and the task should be done in one minute.

First do pictures 1 and 2, then pictures 3 and 4.

Then discuss the following quetsions:

Which of the holidays in the photo would you choose?

Where in the world would you most like to go on holiday?

listening

Listen to Steve Jackson and fill in the right answer.

remember:  fill in one word and occasionally two words.

                          make sure your spelling is correct

topic set: travel and holidays

airline = luchtvaart maatschappij

backpacker = iemand die reist met weinig bagage (rugzak)

bed and breakfast = plaats waar je kunt overnachten en ontbijten

campsite = camping

caravan = caravan

cliff = klif

coach = touring car

coast = kust

crew = bemanning

ferry = veerboot                                    now do exercise 4

topic set: travel and holidays

flight = vlucht

harbour = haven

holiday-makers = vakantiegangers

hostel = (jeugd) herberg

journey = reis

landing = landing

shore = kustlijn

travel agent = reisbureau medewerker

voyage = zeereis

yacht = jacht ( boot)

phrasal verbs

check in = inchecken ( bij hotel)

to get away = er even tussenuit gaan

to get in = arriveren , binnen komen, landen (vliegtuig)

to set off = vertrekken

to stop over = ergens kort blijven om over te stappen op een ander vliegtuig

to book into = regelen dat iemand ergens kan verblijven

to check out = uitchecken ( bij een hotel)

to take off = vertrekken, opstijgen

now do exercise 5

collocations

collocations are words that always go together.

In this case a verb and a noun.

take

book

catch

board

get

go

flight

hotel

tan

plane

ship

sightseeing

trip

skiing

use of English

This is a Use of English exercise. Usually you have to choose from 4 different options. Now there are only 2!

The words are often confused because they have a similar meaning or spelling. 

Explanation modals 

Modals are short for modal auxiliaries (Dutch: hulpwerkwoorden van modaliteit). Modals can express obligation (Dutch: verplichting), necessity (Dutch: noodzaak) or permission (Dutch: toestemming). 

Stong obligation:

Must    -  present and future 

- The speaker is the one who imposes the obligation. In other words he is the one who tells somebody what they must do. 

- You can also use must for laws. 

Examples:  You must clean up the mess at once. 

  You must stop when the light turns red. 

Have to / have got to (informal use only) 

- Present and future 

- The speaker is not the one who imposes the obligation. In other words somebody else tells somebody what they must do. 

Example:  The teacher told me  that I have to write down these words  

  

 

Had to 

- Past and reported speech (Dutch: indirecte rede) 

Example:  My dad said that I had to come home early. 

I had to finish my meal before I was allowed to leave the table. 

Other ways to express obligation (no modals): 

- To make someone do something 

- To be compulsory 

Examples:  The teacher made the pupils write down the entire sentence.                                        

         English is compulsory at secondary school. 

Weak obligation 

Should /ought to 

- Present and future 

Should have + past participle / ought to have + past participle 

- Past 

- Often used for criticism or regret, because an action didn’t happen 

Examples:   I really should visit granny more often. 

  I ought to have told John the truth sooner. 

Asking for and giving permission 

Can – the word you usually use for permission 

Could -  is more polite  

May – is formal 

Examples: 

Can I go to the toilet, please? 

Could I ask you for some assistance? 

May I bother you for some salt? 

Other ways to express permission (no modals):  

- To allow someone to ..  

- To permit someone to ..  

- To let someone ..  

Examples:  

Dad allowed me to buy a new pair of jeans.  

The police permitted Jon to leave the prison.  

I let the kids play in the sandbox, even though it rained.  

Prohibition (Dutch: verbod)

 Mustn’t/ can’t  

- Present and future 

- You use this when something is forbidden 

Was not to / couldn’t 

- Past 

Examples: 

You can’t smoke in restaurants in Holland. 

I couldn’t go into that road because there were road works. 

I wasn’t to open the presents before Christmas morning. 

Other ways of expressing prohibition (no modals): 

- To forbid someone to .. 

- To ban someone from …-ing something 

- To not allow someone to … something 

- To not permit someone to … something 

- To not let someone … something 

- Imperative (Dutch: gebiedende wijs) 

 

Examples: 

Mother forbids me to speak to strangers. 

The prisoner was banned from going to his dad’s funeral. 

James wasn’t allowed to use a knife. 

The teacher didn’t permit us to use a dictionary. 

Dad doesn’t let me drive his car to school. 

Don’t tease your brother!