V4 - Grammar Lesson - Reduced Relative Clauses

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V4 - Reduced relative clauses

Today's Lesson

Expand your grammar knowledge: Reduced Relative Clauses

Practise new grammar knowledge

Practise time!

Page 75 exercise 2a:

Look at the examples. Where could you add the words that is and who are? 

Reduced Relative Clauses

Reduced relative clauses refer to the shortening of a relative clause which modifies the subject of a sentence. 

Reduced relative clauses modify the subject and not the object of a sentence.

Much like adjectives, relative clauses, also known as adjective clauses, modify nouns.

> The man who works at Costco lives in Seattle.

> I gave a book, which was written by Hemingway, to Mary last week.

In above examples, "who works at Costco" modifies—or provides information about—the "man" who is the subject of the sentence. 

In the second sentence, "which was written by Hemingway" modifies the object "book." 

Using a reduced relative clause we can reduce the first sentence to:

> The man working at Costco lives in Seattle.

The second example sentence cannot be reduced because the relative clause "which was written by Hemingway" modifies an object of the verb "give."

The Rules

When a relative clause is passive, we can leave out the relative pronoun and the verb "to be". 

A passive sentence is a sentence in which the subject does not perform the action of the verb. In fact, in a passive sentence, the action of the verb is done to the subject.

The shopping centre, (that was) opened by the Queen, is the biggest in the country. 

The book (that was) written by Madonna has become a huge success. 

> Fill in exercise 2b

Exercise 2c:
Complete the text about another UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. Use the words in the box.

Exercise 2d

Read the sentences and cross out the words in italics that are not needed. 

More practise

Workbook page 60:

Exercise 1a+b

Finished!

You have expanded your grammar knowledge: 

Reduced Relative Clauses

You have practise your new grammar knowledge

Well done!