Gerund & Infinitive - Rev

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

WELCOME

Rewrite as reported speech

Mum insisted: "You have to study for your exam."

Rewrite as reported speech

Mum insisted: "You have to study for your exam."

Mum insisted (that) I had to study for my exam."

Rewrite as reported speech

The teacher said: "It is important to practise the passive voice."

Rewrite as reported speech

The teacher said: "It is important to practise the passive voice."

The teacher said (that) it was important to practise the passive voice.

Rewrite in passive voice

The students practised the reported speech.

Rewrite in passive voice

The students practised the reported speech.

The reported speech was practised (by the students)

Rewrite in passive voice

Colleagues observed the teacher as he taught the lesson.

Rewrite in passive voice

Colleagues observed the teacher as he taught the lesson.

The teacher was observed (by colleagues).

Rewrite in passive voice AND reported speech

The party leader exclaimed: "If you don't give in to my demands, I will end this cabinet."

Rewrite in passive voice AND reported speech

The party leader exclaimed: "If you don't give in to my demands, I will end this cabinet."

The party leader exclaimed that if his demands were not given in to, the cabinet would be ended.

Before we go on...

At the end of this lesson you

- know what a gerund and an infinitive are.

- when to use either of these.

please read:

Playing sports regularly is one of the most effective ways to stay healthy and energetic. Many athletes dedicate years of their lives to training in order to reach a professional level. Some people find watching sports just as exciting as participating in them. To succeed in competitive sports, it's essential to develop both physical and mental strength. Joining a local team can also be a great way to meet new people and build a sense of community. Coaches often encourage their players to focus on discipline and teamwork. For many, improving their personal best is more rewarding than winning a trophy. To avoid injury, it's important to warm up properly before any intense activity. Practicing consistently is key to mastering any sport. Whether you're aiming to compete or just have fun, sports can bring a lot of joy and motivation to your life.

Gerunds function as nouns:

• Subject: Cycling is fun.
  
• Direct Object: I like cycling.
  
• Indirect Object: He gives fishing all his time.
  
• Object of Preposition: He has devoted all his life to fishing.

When to use the Gerund

After prepositions:

• Many teenagers dream of becoming professional football players.
• Not many parents are interested in volunteering at their kids' sports clubs.

After verbs which express a preference, a change of state or consideration:

• I like driving old cars.
• She stopped making funny sounds.
• Old people often avoid walking long distances.

When to use the Infinitive

As noun:                       To be happy is my aim. => (Subject)

                                          I want to succeed. => (Object)

As an adjective:        This is the house to buy.

As an adverb:            She is ready to go.

When using To remember

! Important !

When discussing a memory (the past)-> Gerund 

When discussing something you mustn't forget  (the future)-> Infinitive 

Work on weektask for 10 minutes

 SB 

p. 172-174

p. 176-178 

p. 180

How do you use a gerund?

1. As a noun
2. as a verb

Which is an example of a gerund?

1. Suzie is shopping at the mall
2. Suzie loves shopping

What does the infinitive look like?

1. verb+ -ing
2. to + verb

Gerund vs Infinitive

It's worth .... an effort.

1. to make
2. making

Gerund vs Infinitive

The whole class agrees it's difficult ... early.

1. to get up
2. getting up

Infinitive or gerund?
John dislikes... his hair cut.

1. having
2. to have

Gerund vs Infinitive

He decided ............................... (study) biology.

1. to study
2. studying

gerund or infinitive?
I am fond of ....

1. skiing
2. to ski

Infinitive or gerund?

I don't mind ........................ apples. 

1. to eat
2. eating

Thank you