3H - lesson 22: modals + negations

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Welcome!

Grammar: modals + negations

Modals & negations

goal: using modals in the positive and negative form. 

I can swim. 

She may come to the party.

Can you find the verbs in these 2 sentences?  
How many verbs are in these sentences? What is their function?

Modals & negations

modals = hulp werkwoorden die mogelijkheid, waarschijnlijkheid, noodzaak aangeven.

Wanneer gebruiken? 

toestemming vragen
mogelijkheid uitdrukken
verplichting uitdrukken

Examples:

• can
• could
• should 

Overview modals

+                                         -

can / could         ----> can't / couldn't     --->   I can't open the window   / He couldn't open it.

mogelijkheid, verzoek, aanbod. Could is de beleefdheidsvorm en verledentijdsvorm van can.

(to) be able to    ---> to (not) be able to    ---> example:    I am not able to swim because I broke 
ergens toe in staat zijn                                                                     broke my leg last week.

may/might           ----> may not / might not       --> example:     she may not leave her room
Toestemming vragen of om te zeggen dat iets (niet) is toegestaan. 
might is de beleefdere vorm & verledentijdsvorm van may 

Overview modals

+                      -

should  --> shouldn't  --->  example:      I think you shouldn't go there by youself 

Als jij vindt dat iets (niet) zou moeten:

Advies geven of iets afraden

ought to  ---> ought not to 

Formeler dan should 

Must  ---> musn't  ---->   example:     You mustn't share my secret. 

Must is krachtiger/dringender dan should 

have/has to ---->   don't have to / doesn't have to ---->   example: We don't have to do homework.

Uitdrukken van zekerheid, noodzaak of verplichting. Om te zeggen dat iets moet van iemand anders

What have you learned?

1. Negation of:
must

2. Negation of:
have to

3. Negation of:
could

4. I _______ play the guitar but I can play the piano.

5. You ________________
attend the meeting if you don't want to; it's not obligatory

1. should't
2. don't have to
3. are not able to
4. couldn't

6. I can sing now but I ________sing very well when I was a child.

7. ________ I use your phone, please?

Practice

ex. 29 & 30a p. 25-26 

+ check

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