Mission 14 Grammar - the passive

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This lesson contains 34 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 1 video.

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Welcome

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Content

Book of the week

Mission 14 - Vocab

Mission 14 - passive 


Slide 2 - Slide

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Questions
Listen and watch the clip 
1. Who are/what is the Thursday Murder Club?
2.What inspired Osman to write it?
3.What does Richard's mother Brenda have to say about her son's books?



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Slide 4 - Video

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Questions
Listen and watch the clip 
1. Who are/what is the Thursday Murder Club?
2.What inspired Osman to write it?
3.What does Richard's mother Brenda have to say about her son's books?



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Mission 14
Vocabulary 
take it for granted that
potential
misconception






timer
1:00

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Lesson goal - the passive
At the end of this class you can:
- recognise the passive 
- understand the use of the passive 

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Imporant because:

you can use the techniques in your letters and essays (Part of the 5H PTA). 
Passive or Active?

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Harry & Meghan - wedding
'However, it was thought that this could not have been a legal ceremony as it lacked witnesses and a registered venue, and was instead likely to have been an informal exchange of vows'.

'However, experts thought that this could not have been a legal ceremony as it lacked witnesses and a registered venue, and was instead likely to have been an informal exchange of vows'.


                                                                     --   The Guardian 31 March 2021

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Harry & Meghan - wedding
'In an interview with the Italian newspaper la Repubblica, the reporter asked Mr Welby about what happened'. 

'In an interview with the Italian newspaper la Repubblica, Welby was asked about what happened'. 
                                                                 
                                                               --   The Guardian 31 March 2021

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Passive: what, why & when
What: A sentence is passive when the subject of the sentence receives someone or something else's action. 

Why :
  • it creates more distance/it sounds more business-like
  • you focus on what happened and not on who 'did' the action.

When: for instance in essays and papers, newspapers

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Man charged in murder investigation
A man has been charged in connection with the investigation into the murder of a 52-year-old man in Dublin's south inner city on Monday. The man, who is in his 40s, was arrested yesterday and questioned at Pearse Street Garda Station.He has since been charged and is due in court this morning.
A woman in her 30s, who was also arrested as part of the investigation, has been released without charge and a file is being prepared for the Director of Public Prosecutions. 
Isaac Horgan was found sitting on a couch in his flat at Markievicz House at around 11am on Monday. He had been stabbed in the upper leg and was pronounced dead a short time later in hospital.
                                                                                                                                                      --  RTE - 31 March 2021

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Passive: how
How:
Example:
John carried  Jill  across the threshold. 

subject / onderwerp =  John
verb / werkwoord = carried
direct object / lijdend voorwerp = Jill
                         

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Passive: how
How:
Example:
John carried  Jill across the threshold 

Jill was carried across the threshold by John
subject / onderwerp = Jill
verb / werkwoord = was carried
add 'by' 
                         

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De tijd van het nieuwe 'to be' werkwoord in je passieve zin  hangt af van de tijd van het werkwoord in je actieve zin. 
Bijv.
John dropped Jill in the living room = past simple

                 Jill was dropped in the living room (by John)

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How to recognize a passive sentence...
- Check if there is a form of 'to be' used (am, are, is, was, were, been)
- Is it followed by a participle?
- Is it followed by 'by + noun or pronoun? If not, can it be followed by  'by zombies'?

Are all answers 'yes'? Congratulations, you have a passive sentence.

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The Government is planning a new road near my house.
A
passive
B
active

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'Boys like to play soccer.'
A
Passive
B
Active

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'This room has been painted blue.'
A
Passive
B
Active

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'The friends have been looking forward to meeting her.'
A
Passive
B
Active

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'Cricket is played in Australia.'
A
Passive
B
Active

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Mission 14
assignments 4, 5, 8 and 9

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Indirect speech
direct speech:
Johnny says, 'I am working late tonight'. 
'I will give him a lift to the station tomorrow', Tanya said. 
indirect speech: (it is a couple of days later)
Johnny said (that) he was working that night
Tanya said (that) she would give him a lift to the station the next day/the day after/the following day. 

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Direct to Indirect speech
So what happens?
  • tense is further back 
  • pronouns often  change 
  • references to time and place often change

Similar to Dutch

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Tenses
Simple present in direct speech John said,  'I know where she is'

wordt    

Simple past in indirect speech 'John told me (that) he knew where she was'


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Tenses
Present continuous in direct speech: I am waiting for the bus

wordt

past continuous: She told me she was waiting for the bus. 

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Tenses
Simple past in direct speech: He said, 'They left for London last week'.

wordt

past perfect in indirect speech: He said that they had left for London last week. 

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Tenses
Present perfect in direct speech: Mother said, 'Mary has lost her bracelet'.

wordt

Past perfect in indirect speech: Morther said that Mary had lost her bracelet. 

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Tenses
(Present) perfect continuous in direct speech: He said, 'I have been painting a lovely picture'.

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Past perfect continuous in indirect speech: He said that he had been painting a lovely picture. 

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Tenses
Future (present) in direct speech: Mr Darcy says, 'I shall conquer this'. 

wordt 

Past Future in indirect speech: Mr Darcy said that he would conquer that

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Tenses
(Present) future continuous in direct speech: Marlon said, 'I shall (will) be doing my homework this evening'.

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Past future continous in indirect speech: Marlon said that he would be doing his homework that evening. 

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Pay attention
  • you can inverse the 'mother said' - part, but not when you're using a pronoun (not: said he, said I)
  • Shall and should are only used with I and we!
  • All kinds of references to objects, time, and place may change form. 

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Mission 14
Check the theory on reported speech on p. 311, 312

Do assignment 6, MS 14. 

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