3.3 Break it down 2HVTTO

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• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

3.3 Break it down

• Jacket in your locker

• Put your things on your desk

      Text and workbook

      Notebook, pencil case

(Laptop)

• Bag on the floor

• Read pages 73-75 

5

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add30s

Lesson goals

• Understand: I can describe the four stages of food processing and explain what happens during each stage.

• Understand: I can explain the difference between mechanical digestion and chemical digestion.

• Understand: I can explain why enzymes are needed and how their shape, optimum temperature and optimum pH affect their function.

• Apply: I can use a diagram to explain how an enzyme breaks down a nutrient into smaller products

Homework 3.3

Asgmt 33-35, 37-43, 45-48

Scan the chapter

Use your book and laptop/notebook

• Go to 3.3 on pages 73-75

• Quickly scan the text for difficult/unknown words

• Make a list of all the words you don't know/understand, add these to your PIF

• Add descriptions and/or synonyms of these words during the lesson

5

minute

00

second

add30s

Meyra en Miray are identical twins.

Their energy requirement is not the same.

What is the most logical reason for this difference?

A

Their sex is different

B

Their height is different

C

Their age is different

D

Their physical activity is different

Clara is an adult woman.

She wants to calculate her BMI.

How should she do that?

A

BMI= height : (weight x weight)

B

BMI= weight : (height x height)

C

BMI= (weight x weight) : height

D

BMI= (height x height) : weight

Her BMI turns out to be 23,5. What does this mean for her?

A

Her weight is too low

B

Her weight is healthy

C

Her weight is too high

D

Her weight is way too high

Which of these statements is FALSE

A

Fruit contains lots of vitamins

B

Vitamins can be used as building material for the body

C

Vitamins help protect your body

D

Vitamins can be used as reserves

Which of these statements is TRUE?

A

Foodstuffs are in nutrients

B

Foodstuffs and nutrients are synonymous

C

Nutrients are in foodstuffs

Which of these statements is FALSE

A

Carbohydrates are often sugars

B

Carbohydrates can be used as building materials

C

Carbohydrates can make people fat

D

Carbohydrates can be used as fuels

Ingestion

Putting food/drink into your body/mouth

Digestion

Breaking down the food into very small particles

Absorption

Absorbing the small particles into the bloodstream/body

Elimination

Getting rid of the unused parts of food

The 4 stages of food proccessing

Digestion

• Digestion = breaking (big) nutrients into smaller substances 

• Mechanical       and chemical       digestion

           

       Chewing               Digestive juices

Chemical = using substances

Mechanical = using movements

Why chew?

Chewing creates a bigger surface area for digestive juices.

bigger surface area = more surface where digestive juices can do their job = more and quicker digestion

surface area of 6 cm2 

(if it were a cube of 1x1x1 cm)

surface area of 1,5 cm2

together 12 cm2

Digestive juices and enzymes

• Digestive glands: salivary gl, gastric gl, liver, pancreas, intestinal gl

• Digestive juices often contain enzymes

• Enzymes turn nutrients into digestion products

The picture shows how an enzyme (the arrowlike shape) breaks down a nutrient (the long chain) into smaller subtances

Gland = an organ that makes substances

Enzymes are specialized substances that break down other subtances.

Every enzyme fits in/on a specific substance. It will then break this substance into smaller pieces (help digest it)

The book shows different examples of enzymes. you only need to learn what an enzyme does! you don't have to learn the different types

!

Intestines take care of absorption.

Not all nutrients can enter the body without digestion

Carbs, proteins, fats are called the macronutrients; they are big and need to be digested before they can be absorbed

?

Water, minerals, vitamins are called micronutrients; they are very small and can be absorbed without needing digestion

?

Chewing your food is part of .... digestion

A

Mechanical

B

Motor

C

Chemical

D

Chew

What nutrients is NOT digested?

A

Water

B

Fat

C

Carbohydrate

D

Protein

These words I'll add to my PIF/

where new to me

What you should do: 3.3

• TB: Pages  73-75

• WB: Asgmt  33-35, 37-43, 45-48

Done with the above?

• Work on the next chapter(s)

• Check/correct assignments

• Learn for the test

• Make other homework

• Read a book

Zs = Working in Silence

• No asking questions

• Silent, don't disturb anyone

• Stay at your desk

6

minute

00

second

add30s

What you should do: 3.3

• TB: Pages  73-75

• WB: Asgmt  33-35, 37-43, 45-48

Done with the above?

• Work on the next chapter(s)

• Check/correct assignments

• Learn for the test

• Make other homework

• Read a book

Zw = Working with whispering

• Teacher is available for questions

• Only whisper with the student next to you

• Stay at your desk

What are the four steps in food processing? Which step are enzymes most involved in?

Tidy Duty

2 students each lesson

• Desks: empty and straight

• Chairs:  underneath the desks OR end of day: on the desks

• Floor: no rubbish