Lesson 1 - States of matter.pptx

• newEditor
• Chemistry
• Upper Secondary (Key Stage 4)
• GCSE

Title: States of matter

Date: Wednesday 12th February 2025

Do Now - Answer these questions in your book

1. Everything is made up of …….

2. Atoms exist on their own, but often they can join together to make ………

Silver is a solid at room temperature, it is a good conductor of electricity and is shiny. These are the properties of silver.

1. Write down 2 properties of iron

2. Write down 2 properties of water

What do we know about particles in a gas?

Which state do these words describe?

No room for particles to compress together

Particles vibrate at a fixed point

Very strong forces of attraction

Particles are not free to move around

Solids, liquids or gas?

Particles are arranged differently depending on whether the substance is in a solid, liquid or a gas state.

I was searching for images of particles in solids, liquids and gases and found this!!! What is wrong with it?

Changing state

Heating particles gives them more energy. The more energy they have the faster they move. The particles get further apart from each other the hotter they get.

2. Complete the gaps in this paragraph

The state of ______ a substance will take, depends upon how much ______ the particles have. Particles in a ______ have ____ energy than particles in a liquid and a ______. When a substance is  _________ we give particles ______ energy, and they get _________ apart. When a substance is cooled, energy is ________ and the particles get ________ together.

gas

energy

matter

more

solid

heated

more

lost

further

closer

1. What words can go into the spaces in the diagram below?

2. Complete the gaps in this paragraph

The state of ______ a substance will take, depends upon how much ______ the particles have. Particles in a ______ have ____ energy than particles in a liquid and a ______. When a substance is _________ we give particles ______ energy. When a substance is cooled energy is ________. By doing this, we are able to encourage the particles to get ________ apart (and become a _____) or get closer together (and become a _____).

A

B

C

D

Predicting the state of a substance

If you know the melting point and boiling point of a substance then you can predict its state at any temperature.

Example 1

Silver has a melting point of 961°C and a boiling point of 2210°C.

What state will silver be in at room temperature (20°C)?

What state will silver be at 1000°C?

Use the information in the table to answer the questions on your sheet.

Hint : If the number you are looking for is Smaller than the melting points = Solid

If the number you are looking for is Greater than the boiling points = Gas

If the number you are looking for is between the melting and the boiling point = Liquid

Independent practice

1. What are the three states of matter?

1. All of these statements are false. Write them out so that they are correct

   1. You can compress a substance in the solid state because the particles touch each other

      1. Substances in the world are solids, or liquids, or gases.

      2. Particles are bigger in a gas than in a solid. That’s why gases take up so much space

      3. Water is a liquid

      4. Particles in a solid are very close together. Particles in a gas are far apart. Particles in a liquid are quite close together, but have gaps between them

Investigating properties

Your working group is going to carry out 3 short investigations.

Follow the instructions on the sheet.

Your teacher will tell you which activity to start with.

You will have 2 minutes to carry out the activity and then 2 minutes in silence to write up your notes.

Properties of solids, liquids and gases

The properties of solids, liquids and gases can be explained by understanding the ways that the particles are arranged

Exit ticket

In your book:

Write 3 things you have learned this lesson

Write 2 things you would like to know more about

Write one question to clear up something you do not understand yet