Week 2- Health and Safety- Lesson 2

• Hairdressing
• Further Education (Key Stage 5)

Expectations- Classroom Rules

• No entering the classroom without a tutor 
• No food or drinks  when entering the classroom- Only water in a clear bottle
• Log onto a Chromebook
• Complete 'Do Now' task
•  Participate fully in your session
• No Hands up- Questions- No opt out 
• No use of mobile phones- unless instructed to by tutor
• Toilet breaks not permitted in the first 30 minutes or the last 15 minutes of your session 
• Learning Review booklets/ Knowledge organisers 
• Remember to put Chromebooks at the end of session and remember to log out and put back on charge. 

Health and Safety- Lesson 1

Complete Do Now Task 

Complete the worksheet independently first and then check your answers with the person next to you. 

Session Outcomes 

In todays session we will cover:

Recap Legislations, codes of practice and workplace policies 

Discuss the difference between Hazard and Risks

Infection Control in the salon

Introduction the hair structure 

Recall the definition of 'Legislation'

Do Now Task- Connect Task  

Complete the Do Now Task independently- 

Check your answers with peer next to you 

What is legislation?

1. A law or a set of laws passed by Parliament
2. A document that outlines government policies
3. A decision made by a judge in a court case
4. A process for electing government officials

Legislation 

Legislation is a law or a set of laws that have been passed by Parliament. The word is also used to describe the act of making a new law.

Legislation 

Legislation is a law or a set of laws that have been passed by Parliament. The word is also used to describe the act of making a new law.

Definition: Laws made by the government that must be followed by all individuals and organisations.

Purpose: Sets out legal duties and rights to protect workers, employers, and the public.

Examples:

Health and Safety at Work Act 1974

Equality Act 2010

Employment Rights Act 1996

Enforcement: Breaching legislation can lead to legal action, fines, or prosecution.

Legislation Links to the Salon 

Legislation	Level 2 Connection	Salon Example
Health and Safety at Work Act	Everyone has a responsibility in the salon	An Employer should provide a safe environment, Employees follow safe practices.
COSHH	Controls exposure to hazardous substances	Hair Colour, chemicals, and other hazardous products must be handled appropriately
Electricity at work Act	Electrical equipment must be used and maintained safely	Hairdryers, Clippers and styling equipment

Legislation Links to the Salon 

Legislation	Level 2 Connection	Salon Example
Manual Handling Operations	Reduce risks associated with moving and handling safely	Moving stock boxes, equipment and furniture
PPE at Work Regulations	Suitable PPE should be provided when required	Use of gloves and apron
RIDDOR	Certain serious workplace incidents/ diseases must be formally reported	someone has hurt themselves beyond completing the salon accident book

Health & Safety Legislation in Hairdressing

Legislation	Purpose	Link to Values
Health and Safety at work act 1974	Ensures safe working conditions	Punctuality allows time for safety checks
COSHH 2002	Control hazardous substances	Respecting product safety and client health
PPE Regulations 2002	Requires protective equipment	Teamwork ensures proper use and sharing of PPE
RIDDOR	Reporting injuries and incidents	Teamwork helps identify and report risks

Workplace Policies 

Workplace policies are rules which are put in place by a business.

These may include:

How to behave on the salon floor, How to meet and greet clients, Hygiene standards.

Definition: Internal rules created by an organisation to guide employee behaviour and operations.

Purpose: Tailors legal and professional standards to the specific needs of the business.

Examples: Grievance and disciplinary procedures

Annual leave booking process

Client interaction protocols

Enforcement: Breaching policies can lead to warnings, disciplinary action, or dismissal

Codes of Practice 

Codes of practice are written guidelines for certain professions or occupations. 

In the hair and beauty sector, we follow the codes of practice set by HABIA ( which stands for Hair AND Beauty Industry Authority). HABIA creates the standards which all hair Definition: Official guidelines that explain how to comply with legislation or maintain professional standards.

Purpose: Offers best-practice advice and helps interpret legal requirements.

Examples: Hygiene standards in salons, Dress codes for professional settings, Industry-specific safety procedures

Enforcement: Not legally binding, but can be used as evidence in court or by inspectors to assess compliance and beauty qualifications are formed from. 

“How does legislation protect both the employer and employee?”

Why It Matters

When both sides understand their rights and responsibilities, it creates a workplace built on respect, fairness, and productivity. Employees feel secure and valued, while employers can focus on growth without fear of legal trouble.

Group Activity- Identify the Employer and Employee responsibilities   

Group 1- The Health and Safety at work act and RIDDOR

Group 2- Electricity at work act  and Provision and use of work equipment 

Group 3- Manual Handling and Workplace, Health and safety and welfare 

Group 4- COSHH and Fire safety 

Ensure health and safety training is undertaken by all staff

Provide appropiate protective clothing and equipment 

Ensure all facilities meet minimal health and safety requirements with regards to ventilation, temperture and noise. 

Have an update date Health and Safety policy

Maintain a safe working environment by ensuring equipment is properly maintained and safe to use. 

To take resonable care of your own and others safety 

To ensure you use tools and equipment for their intended use 

To follow all Health and safety and complete all training, wear protective clothing and follow all health and safety policies 

To report any illness or injury that will affect your ability to work 

Employer Responsibilities 

Employee Responsibilities 

Infection control in the salon

It is important to have high standards of hygiene and infection control in salon. Without this, the risk of cross infection or infestation is increased.

 

What are the four types of micro-organisms?

Micro-organisms

There are 4 types of infections caused by Micro organisms:

BACTERIAL INFECTION

FUNGAL INFECTION

VIRAL INFECTION

INFESTATIONS

Bacterial infections

Bacteria are single celled organisms which vary in size and exist as spores.

Bacteria can multiply very quickly in the right conditions (warm and moist environments)

Examples of bacterial infections are:

Impetigo, Conjunctivitis, Acne Vulgaris  

Fungal infections

Fungi infections include moulds and yeasts and are naturally occurring on the human skin.

They feed on organic matter. They secrete enzymes which break the organic matter down, and the fungi then absorb the nutrients which are released as the organic matter decomposes.

Fungi produce spores

Ringworm

Thrush 

Viral infections

Viruses are tiny infectious micro-organisms which multiply in the cells of other living organisms.

Such as:

Warts

Herpes

Flu/ COVID

HIV/AIDS 

Infestations

Infestations are caused by tiny insects which live off the blood of their host

Example of infestations are:

Pediculosis capitis (head lice)

Scabies

Infections and Infestations transmitted by:

• DIRECT CONTACT
  
• INDIRECT CONTACT
  
• INHALATION
  
• INGESTION
  
• INJECTION
  

Can you list as many ways to limit the chances of cross-infection and infestations?

Ways to reduce cross contamination 

• Use clean towels for every client
• Wear appropriate PPE
  
• Check client for contra indications at consultation
  
• Clean and sterilise equipment after every use
  
• Clean work areas with disinfectant
  
• Wash towels, gowns etc on a hot wash
  

Which type of micro-organism causes impetigo?

1. Bacteria
2. Virus
3. Insects
4. Fungi

What type of infection is caused by ringworm?

1. Fungal
2. Viral
3. Bacterial
4. Infestation

What is a common viral infection?

1. Impetigo
2. Scabies
3. Flu/COVID
4. Ringworm

Which type of infestation is caused by head lice?

1. Thrush
2. Conjunctivitis
3. Warts
4. Pediculosis capitis

What is the difference between a hazard and a risk?

1. A hazard is the likelihood of harm, while risk is the severity of the harm
2. A hazard is a physical danger, while risk is a mental danger
3. Hazard and risk are interchangeable terms
4. A hazard is a potential source of harm, while risk is the likelihood and severity of the harm occurring

Someone could slip.

Hazard

Risk

Clients and staff would not be able to escape incase of fire

Hot water

Clients head not supported

Could cause burns.

Can cause Hyperextension

Water on the floor

Trailing wires

Someone could trip over

Boxes blocking fire exit

Employees have a greater responsibility for health and safety.

Employers should provide a safer environment.

Health and safety should be a shared responsibility.

What is the difference between a hazard and a risk?

1. A hazard is the likelihood of harm, while risk is the severity of the harm
2. A hazard is a physical danger, while risk is a mental danger
3. Hazard and risk are interchangeable terms
4. A hazard is a potential source of harm, while risk is the likelihood and severity of the harm occurring

Write down as many different facts about the hair structure.

Cuticle 

• Is made up of transparent overlapping scales 
• Heat/ chemicals will open the cuticles 
• The cuticle scales should ideally be closed from root to tip to give the hair shine and lustre 
• Healthy hair reflects light 
• Damaged cuticle scales will make the hair feel porous and appear dull
• When the hair is in good condition they are water repellent and when in poor condition they will allow more water to be absorbed into the hair making it more porous. 

Cortex 

• This is the section under the cuticle and is where most the action happens.  
• Your natural colour is determined in the cortex and this is where artificial colouring mostly takes place.
• It is this layer that has the bonds which hold your hair in place to determine if your hair is straight, wavy, curly or very curly. 
• Where the hair is temporarily or chemically changed from straight to curly or curly to straight. 
• It is the main part of the hair that gives it's strength and elasticity.  

Medulla  

• The medulla is the least interesting layer. 
• it is the central part of the hair but is not always present. 
•  In a single strand it may fade in and out when analysed under a microscope  or it may be present all the way through in some hair types.
• it tends to appear in more thicker or coarser hair textures. 

Is the medulla always present in every strand of hair?

1. No
2. Sometimes
3. Yes
4. It depends on the hair type

Which layer of the hair is responsible for determining your natural color?

1. Medulla
2. Epidermis
3. Cuticle
4. Cortex

What is the cuticle made up of?

1. Transparent overlapping scales
2. Sebaceous glands
3. Protein fibers
4. Melanin pigment

What can open the cuticles?

1. Water
2. Sunlight
3. Heat/chemicals
4. Brushing

What happens when the cuticle scales are damaged?

1. Hair loses color
2. Hair feels porous and appears dull
3. Hair grows faster
4. Hair becomes thicker