Kazakhstan: From Ancient Steppes to Modern Nation
Learning Goals
At the end of the lesson you will understand the major historical periods of Kazakhstan and recognise its key cultural and political developments.
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Learning Goals
At the end of the lesson you will understand the major historical periods of Kazakhstan and recognise its key cultural and political developments.
What do you already know about the history of Kazakhstan?
Early Civilisations
Ancient nomadic cultures, such as the Saka and Scythians, inhabited Kazakhstan's vast steppes. Archaeological finds include burial mounds and cave paintings.
Influence of the Silk Road
Kazakhstan was a crucial part of the Silk Road, connecting East and West for trade and cultural exchange throughout centuries.
Mongol Invasion and the Golden Horde
In the 13th century, Mongols conquered the region, leading to the formation of the Golden Horde, which ruled Central Asia for generations.
Kazakh Khanate and Russian Empire
By the 19th century, Kazakhstan was absorbed into the Russian Empire, leading to social changes and resistance.
Russian Empire (18th-20th c.)
Kazakh Khanate (15th-18th c.)
Founded in the 15th century, the Kazakh Khanate unified tribes and fostered Kazakh identity until it became dominated by Russia.
Soviet Period
Under Soviet rule from 1920, Kazakhstan was transformed by industrialisation, collectivisation, and population changes, deeply shaping society.
Independence and Modern Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan declared independence from the USSR in 1991. Today, it is a sovereign nation known for its cultural diversity, natural resources, and modern cities.
Kazakhstan Today: Looking Forward
Write down 3 things you learned in this lesson.
Write down 2 things you want to know more about.
Ask 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.
