Life in Ancient Egypt: Social Classes

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Learning Objective

At the end of the lesson you will be able to describe the social hierarchy of ancient Egypt and explain the main roles and responsibilities of different social classes.

What do you already know about ancient Egypt’s social structure?

The Pyramid of Social Classes

Ancient Egyptian society was organised like a pyramid. The pharaoh sat at the top, with each class below having less power.

Pharaoh: The Supreme Ruler

The pharaoh was considered a living god and had absolute control over Egypt. He made laws, led the army and was in charge of all religious rituals.

Nobles and Priests

Priests managed temples and religious ceremonies. They gave advice to the pharaoh and communicated with the gods.

Nobles

Priests

Nobles helped the pharaoh rule by overseeing land, collecting taxes, and maintaining order.

Scribes and Craftsmen

Scribes could read and write. They kept records and worked for officials. Craftsmen were skilled workers like builders, painters, and jewellers.

Peasants and Labourers

Peasants made up the largest group. They farmed the land and built monuments. Their work was vital for Egypt’s prosperity.

Summary: An Ordered Society

Every class in ancient Egypt had its own duties. From the powerful pharaoh to the vital peasants, everyone played a role in keeping society strong and stable.

Write down 3 things you learned in this lesson.

Write down 2 things you want to know more about.

Ask 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.