P1 Lesson 5Close Reading - Capital letters & Punctuation
Lesson 5: Close Reading - Capital letter & Punctuation
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Lesson 5: Close Reading - Capital letter & Punctuation
Open with the idea that many students already read quickly every day, but this lesson is about reading carefully when details matter.
Learning goal
I can explain what close reading is, why it matters, and identify key information in a text by paying attention to words, structure, tone, purpose, capital letters and punctuation.
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What words come to mind when you hear close reading?
Use this as prior knowledge activation. Expect words such as careful, slow, detail, meaning, instructions, text or work. Briefly compare student ideas with the learning goal.
What is close reading?
Close reading is careful, repeated reading of a text.
You read slowly enough to notice:
key words
important details
how the text is organised
tone and purpose
Stress that repeated reading is normal here: the first read gives the main idea, later reads uncover detail and meaning.
Close reading and skimming
Close reading means reading with care to understand the full meaning.
Skimming means reading quickly to get the general idea.
Both are useful, but they are used for different purposes.
A common misconception is that slow reading is always better. Make clear that skimming is useful first, but not enough when details affect action.
When do you use each one?
Use skimming when you want:
the topic
the main message
a quick first impression
Use close reading when you need:
exact instructions
deadlines
rules or procedures
meaning hidden in detail
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What do you look for?
A close reader pays attention to:
words that carry meaning
structure of the text
tone of the writer
purpose of the message
small but important details
You can briefly model this with a simple workplace message and show how one small word can change what action is needed.
Why close reading matters at work
In working life, people often read:
emails
reports
policies
procedures
customer communication
If they miss details, mistakes can happen.
Keep the context practical and vocational. Link to jobs students may recognise or prepare for.
When should you use close reading?
For exact instructions
For a quick impression
For the main topic
For a fast overview
Checks the contrast with skimming. The wrong options all match skimming purposes from the previous slides.
Close reading and skimming
Close reading means careful, repeated reading to understand the full meaning. Skimming means reading quickly to get the general idea. You use close reading when you need exact instructions or deadlines.
The blanks focus on the key contrast taught in slides 2 to 6.
Capital letters in English
Capital letters are used for:
the first word of a sentence
names of people, places and companies
days, months and nationalities
the word I
Capital letters help readers notice names and sentence starts clearly.
Keep this practical. Focus on recognition and correct use, not on rare exceptions.
Punctuation makes meaning clear
Punctuation helps organise meaning.
. (Full stop): ends a statement
, (Comma): separates parts of a sentence
: (Colon): introduces a list or explanation
? (Question mark): shows a direct question
Remind students that punctuation is not decoration; it tells the reader how to read and understand the sentence.
More punctuation choices
Some marks also show attitude or voice.
! (Exclamation mark): strong feeling or urgency
""(Quotation marks): show exact words or speech
A change in punctuation can change the tone of the whole message.
If you want, read the same short sentence aloud with different punctuation to show the shift in tone.
Which punctuation mark introduces a list?
Question mark
Comma
Colon
Full stop
Direct check of the punctuation function taught on slides 15 and 16.
Which punctuation mark indicates strong feeling or urgency?
.
?
,
!
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What is one thing you learned today?
Reflection only. Encourage students to name one clear idea such as the difference between skimming and close reading, words that carry meaning, or how punctuation changes tone.
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