Mastering Grammar: Relative Pronouns and Perfect Tenses

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Mastering Grammar: Relative Pronouns and Perfect Tenses

Learning objective

Learning Objectives

At the end of the lesson, you will confidently use relative pronouns and differentiate between present perfect, present perfect continuous, and past tenses.

What do you already know about using relative pronouns and perfect tenses?

Relative Pronouns: Introduction

Relative pronouns (who, whom, whose, which, that) connect clauses, adding detail or context.

Using 'Who' and 'Whom'

'Who' is used for subjects, 'whom' for objects. Example: 'The artist who painted this is famous.'

Present Perfect vs Present Perfect Continuous

Present perfect focuses on completed actions affecting now; continuous on ongoing actions. E.g., 'I have lived here vs I have been living here.'

Present Perfect vs Past Simple

Present perfect links past actions to now; past simple for completed actions. E.g., 'I have visited vs I visited.'

Past Simple vs Past Continuous

Past simple for completed actions; continuous for actions interrupted by another. E.g., 'I was reading when he called.'

Interactive Exercise: Identify the Tense

Identify the tense used: 'She has been studying since morning.'

Conclusion and Q&A

Review key points. Clarify doubts and encourage questions.

Write down 3 things you learned in this lesson.

Write down 2 things you want to know more about.

Ask 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.